James M. Cagle, Esq.
Charleston, West Virginia
Attorney for Petitioners
The Opinion of the Court was delivered Per Curiam.
JUSTICE McGRAW, deeming himself disqualified, did not participate in the decision in this
case.
JUDGE RISOVICH, sitting by temporary assignment. JUSTICE SCOTT did not
participate.
1. It is well established that the word 'shall,' in the absence of language
in the statute showing a contrary intent on the part of the Legislature, should be afforded a
mandatory connotation. Syllabus Point 1, Nelson v. W.Va. Public Employees Ins. Bd., 171
W.Va. 445, 300 S.E.2d 86 (1982).
2. Where the issue on an appeal from the circuit court is clearly a
question of law or involving an interpretation of a statute, we apply a de novo standard of
review. Syllabus Point 1, Chrystal R.M. v. Charlie A.L., 194 W.Va. 138, 459 S.E.2d 415
(1995).
3. Section 7, Article 6, Chapter 6 Code, [1985], expressly requires that
to remove a person from office the charge against him must be established by satisfactory
proof. Syllabus Point 3, Smith v. Godby, 154 W.Va. 190, 174 S.E.2d 165 (1970).
4. 'To warrant removal of an official pursuant to Code, [1985], § 6-6-7,
clear and convincing evidence must be adduced to meet the statutory requirement of
satisfactory proof.' Point 9, Syllabus, Evans v. Hutchinson, [158] W.Va. [359], 214 S.E.2d
453 (1975). Syllabus Point 3, Matter of Boso, 160 W.Va. 38, 231 S.E.2d 715 (1977).
Per Curiam:
The issue in this opinion is whether the respondent, John G. Sims, should be
removed from the office of prosecuting attorney for Logan County, West Virginia. The
three-judge court in effect held that the petitioners established their case for removal on at
least some of the grounds asserted but failed to grant the relief requested. We reverse.
The respondent was elected to the office of prosecuting attorney of Logan
County for a fixed term during the general election held in November 1996 and began
serving his term in January 1997. He previously served as counsel to the Logan County
Board of Education.
On August 27, 1998, nine elected officials, Alvis Porter, Rick Grimmett,
Arthur Kirkendoll, Danny Godby, Willie Akers, Paul Hardesty, Bob Wolfe, Greg Wooten,
and Jerry Godby, along with eighty-one adult residents of Logan County joined in a petition
to remove Sims from office. On September 2, 1998, this Court entered an administrative
order appointing Judge Arthur Recht, Judge Alan Moats, and Senior Judge Daniel McCarthy
to the three-judge court (panel) for the purpose of taking all actions necessary and
authorized by W.Va. Code, 6-6-7[.]See footnote 1
1
The panel permitted the petitioners to file an amended
petition,See footnote 2
2
which was designated first amended petition and contains sixteen charges. The
petition charges the respondent with official misconduct, malfeasance in office,
incompetence and neglect of duty, and other acts and omissions which subject him to
removal from office. The petition specifically charges as follows:
5. The acts of official misconduct, malfeasance in office,
incompetence and neglect of duty upon which the petitioners rely are:
a. On the 7th day of November, 1997, the Respondent Sims
filed with the Circuit Court of Logan County the sworn affidavit which
is . . . false and was filed by the Respondent with the intent to deceive;
b. Further, Respondent Sims assisted the adverse parties
against his former client by submitting the said affidavit, in
contravention of Rules 1.8 and 1.9 of the Rules of Professional
Conduct;
c. On the 20th day of April, 1998, the Respondent Sims
filed the sworn affidavit which is . . . false and was filed by the
Respondent with the intent to deceive;
d. In the month of April 1998, the Respondent exceeded his
duly allotted budget, leaving the office of Prosecuting Attorney without
sufficient funds to meet the office payroll or otherwise to properly
operate the office. In order to fund the shortfall, the County
Commission of Logan County was forced to pre-allocate future funds
to the prosecutor's office. The Respondent's budget statement and
attendant affidavit . . . was improper and/or neglectfully and
incompetently prepared to the absolute damage and detriment of the
county, its funds, the required budgetary process and the efficient
operation of the county's business as contemplated and required by
West Virginia Code § 7-7-7;
e. The Respondent has engaged in a pattern of making
improper public statements about pending cases, about defendants, and
about prospective cases and prospective defendants:
(i) On March 17, 1998, when Petitioners
Grimmett, Porter and other public officials approached
the Logan County Commission to inquire about their
right to hire outside counsel to represent them in that the
Respondent had been making accusations against them
and issuing Freedom of Information requests and
subpoenas to them for records which were in fact public
records, Respondent Sims told the Logan Banner
newspaper that The reason they don't trust me is that
they can't control me and most criminals don't trust
prosecutors. The above comment is both libelous per se
and contrary to the Rules of Professional Conduct as
embodied in Rules 3.6 and 3.8;
(ii) On March 16, 1998, Respondent Sims
signed a criminal complaint charging Petitioner Alvis
Porter with violating West Virginia Code § 61-5-27, a
felony, which charge was subsequently dismissed by a
Circuit Judge sitting by designation. Approximately
three (3) weeks earlier, in late February 1998,
Respondent Sims told the Managing Editor of the Logan
Banner newspaper that he was going to charge Mr.
Porter with a crime, a violation of Rules 3.6 and 3.8 of
the Rules of Professional Conduct. When these same
charges were filed, Respondent Sims provided extensive
interviews to television and newspaper reporters in
further violation of said Rules;
(iii) On October 17 and 19, 1997, Respondent
Sims told the Logan Banner newspaper that an
investigation from the State Tax Department, identified
by Sims as a special tax commissioner, was ongoing
into practices of the Logan County Assessor's Office
because the county had one of the highest number of
exonerations in the state. Said comment is false and libelous and was intended by the Respondent to discredit
Petitioner Rick Grimmett, who is the Logan County
Assessor;
(iv) On March 18, 1998, Respondent Sims told
the Logan Banner newspaper that he could not comment
on a case before the grand jury because of the
requirement of secrecy; however, the Respondent then
stated that the case was one in which Petitioner Alvis
Porter had a personal interest, albeit indirectly . . . .
Said comment is a violation of Rule 6 of the West
Virginia Rules of Criminal Procedure and of Rule 3.6 of
the Rules of Professional Conduct;
(v) On June 23, 1998, just before the start of
jury selection in a murder trial in the Circuit Court of
Logan County, Respondent Sims told the Logan Banner
newspaper that We have tried two men involved with
these murders already. This will be a very similar trial
with similar witnesses testifying. We anticipate a similar
guilty verdict. The above statement is a violation of
Rule 3.6 of the Rules of Professional Conduct;
f. The Respondent Sims was elected and is employed as a
full-time prosecutor. As such, he is precluded by West Virginia Code
§ 7-7-4 from engaging in the private practice of law. Contrary to this
statutory restriction, the Respondent engages in the private practice of
law;
g. The Respondent has used office personnel for private
work for his personal benefit on the County's time and in the County's
office, thereby expending public resources for his personal benefit;
h. The Respondent has operated his office for political
purposes by targeting for investigation those whom he believes to be
his political enemies by:
(i) Issuing subpoenas for improper purposes
and making subpoenas returnable at phantom
proceedings, thereby committing the tort of abuse of
process;
(ii) Instituting improper criminal charges
which were thereafter dismissed, thereby committing the
tort of malicious prosecution;
(iii) Instituting improper civil actions in
violation of Rule 11 of the West Virginia Rules of Civil
Procedure;
i. In January 1998, during a phone conference with the
Logan County Commission, the Respondent misled the Commission as
to the actual purpose for hiring the late Hassell Butcher as an
investigator in the office of Prosecuting Attorney, knowing that his
purpose was to have Mr. Butcher work on a case against Mr. Butcher's
former employer;
j. The Respondent required an employee of the Prosecutor's
Office to telephone the Logan County Clerk specifically to ask that the
said Clerk hire the Respondent's wife, Wendy Sims, and to tell the
Clerk that if he did not hire his wife, the Clerk would not receive any
favors from the Prosecutor's Office;
k. In 1997, Respondent Sims, when angry, made a threat to
Logan Magistrate Danny Wells in the Magistrate's office and in the
presence of another that he would more vigorously prosecute the
Magistrate's son on pending criminal charges after being informed by
the Magistrate that he had dismissed a case because the Prosecutor had
not timely appeared for a scheduled hearing;
l. On various dates between July 1, 1992 and June 30,
1995, Respondent Sims submitted duplicate vouchers to the Circuit
Court of Logan County and to the Public Defender Services for
payments associated with court-appointed cases. Between July 1995
and January 5, 1998, and including the time after his election to the
office of Prosecuting Attorney, the Public Defender Services forwarded
demands of repayment for such duplicate payments which Respondent
Sims ignored. The acts of duplicate billing and refusal to respond to
demands for repayment [on] the part of Respondent Sims constitute
larceny and fraud;
m. On June 24, 1998, the Respondent did knowingly make
false representations to Circuit Judge Roger L. Perry of Logan County
in the case of State v. Robert Adams, 97-F-62P, when the Respondent
denied making statements to the press which were attributed to him in
quotes contained in the Logan Banner. . . .
n. Shortly after the initial Petition to remove was filed in
this matter, the Respondent told his staff that if Brian Abraham came
into the Office of Prosecuting Attorney, he would fire anyone if he
comes in and is not put out. Brian Abraham is a practicing attorney
in Logan, West Virginia, who also signed as a Petitioner seeking to
remove the Respondent from office. Mr. Abraham handles criminal
cases, therefore it is necessary for him to enter the Office of
Prosecuting Attorney, a public office located in the county courthouse,
from time to time. Further, firing and the threat to fire a public employee for refusing to commit an improper act is itself improper as
an abuse of trust and misuse of authority;
o. The wife of the Respondent is one Lorenda L. Bailey,
Social Security No. 233-06-6061. She has had her driver's license
revoked for Driving Under the Influence on at least two occasions.
After having her license revoked on the second occasion, she applied
for a Social Security number (265-06-3415), using the name of Wendy
Louellen Bailey. She thereafter applied for, and received, a new
driver's license using the new Social Security number to hide her true
identity.
Department of Motor Vehicles records indicate at least one
request for a hearing made on her behalf by this Respondent, which
request was denied. . . .
The acts of Respondent's wife constitute criminal law violations
of the following statutes: 42 U.S.C. § 408(a)(6); W.Va. Code §§ 17B-
4-1(4), 17B-4-2 and 17B-4-3.
The acts and omissions of the Respondent constitute violations
of his duties under West Virginia Code § 7-4-1, and both neglect and/or
participation in violations of West Virginia Code §§ 17B-3-12(a)(4),
17B-4-3, 17B-4-4, and 18 U.S.C. § 4.
p. In late January 1996 or early February 1996, the
Respondent committed child abuse in violation of West Virginia Code
§ 61-8D-3. The victim was the Respondent's infant son, Czar Ian-
Hendry Bailey.
The three-judge panel heard the charges and received the evidence which was
offered in support of and in opposition to the respondent. The panel made several findings
of fact. The panel found that the explanation the respondent gave for filing the affidavits
was nonresponsive, evasive, equivocal, ambiguous and not worthy of a public official.
However, the panel determined the filing of either of these affidavits does not constitute
clear and convincing evidence that the respondent has committed any act which justifies his
removal from office. The panel found the budget contained an erroneous calculation in
that it failed to factor the payment of benefits to which employees of the Prosecuting
Attorney's office were entitled. The budget shortfall was determined to be an error of
omission which did not result in the loss or misappropriation of any taxpayer funds and is
not a ground for removal.
The panel found the allegations that the Respondent abused the powers of his
office as chief law enforcement officer of Logan County by rewarding his friends and allies
and punishing his foes and political enemies[] to not be supported by clear and convincing
evidence. The panel also found that the submission of duplicate vouchers to the Public
Defender Services was a coalescence of imperfect office practices and procedures in regard
to the office of Public Defender Services; of lost records and of weak memories[] that did
not constitute[] clear and convincing evidence to support a request for the Respondent's
removal.
In the final analysis, the panel concluded the respondent violated two of the
numerous allegations the petitioners presented. The panel went on to explain that these
violations do not warrant removal from office but rather suspension from the practice of law
and repayment of funds. However, prior to discussing the violations, the panel made it clear
the Respondent should not construe the absence of an order of removal as an endorsement
of his conduct in office. The order specifically states the respondents's tenure in office
is marked with arrogance, thoughtlessness, irresponsibility, and mean spiritedness, all of
which are repugnant characteristics for any public officer, but are not grounds for removal.
The panel then discussed the violations. The panel concluded the respondent violated Rules
3.6See footnote 3
3
and 3.8See footnote 4
4
of the West Virginia Rules of Professional Conduct in that he use[d] the
device of pre-hearing publicity to materially prejudice adjudicative proceedings. This, said
the panel, warranted some suspension from the practice of law. A copy of the panel's order
was referred to the Lawyer Disciplinary Board for resolution of this matter.
The panel further concluded the ends of justice would be sufficiently served
if the Respondent would be required to repay all sums which he obtained while engaging in
outside employment in the amount of One Thousand Four Hundred Dollars ($1,400). This
conclusion was reached because the respondent served from January 1997 through February
1998 as town attorney for Man, West Virginia while he was simultaneously serving as a full-
time prosecutor; the outside employment violates W.Va. Code § 7-7-4(c). The respondent
was ordered to repay the sheriff of Logan County $1,400. It is from this order the petitioners
appeal.
On appeal, the petitioners allege the panel erred: (1) by not removing the
respondent from office after concluding some of the charges were established by satisfactory
proof; and (2) in refusing to consider the evidence regarding whether the respondent had
committed child abuse. The petitioners argue the panel's findings and conclusions are not
supported by clear and convincing evidence.
We note at the outset of our analysis that we are hampered and troubled by the
respondent's total failure to respond on appeal. The respondent failed to file a responsive
brief and neither he nor his counsel appeared or participated in oral argument.
First, we will dispense with the child abuse argument. The petitioners allege
the panel refused to allow presentation of evidence of child abuse on the part of the
respondent due to the fact that the abuse allegedly occurred before the respondent took
office. In reading the record presented to this Court, we find the panel received avowal
testimony from Bill Bailey, the respondent's father-in-law, regarding a visit he and his wife
had with their young grandson, Czar Bailey, two years prior to the hearing. Mr. Bailey
testified he videotaped scarring and bruises on Czar left from a beating he received from the
respondent. Mr. Bailey's testimony was offered to authenticate the videotape, which the
panel subsequently received. On cross-examination, Mr. Bailey admitted he did not take the
video, his wife did, and that neither of them had contacted the West Virginia Department of
Health and Human Resources, a prosecuting attorney's office or the police. He also admitted
that his wife, Czar's grandmother, had a felony conviction for embezzlement, a crime that
involves dishonesty,See footnote 5
5
and that she had been treated for depression.
We believe the panel committed no error in failing to consider this charge. If
Czar's grandparents had been concerned about their grandchild's welfare, they could have
taken the videotape evidence and their grandson to the proper officials at the time the abuse
allegedly occurred. Instead, they waited two years and, even at that time used the videotape
for purposes other than to protect the child. Furthermore, the respondent asserts there is
animosity between him and his wife's parents. If the allegations had been timely alleged and
proved and the respondent had been convicted of child abuse, it would have been proper for
the trial panel to consider the child abuse charges. That is not the case and the panel
properly dismissed this charge.
Next, we will consider whether the panel erred by not removing the respondent
from office after concluding that several of the charges were established by satisfactory
proof. The panel concluded the respondent use[d] the device of pre-hearing publicity to
materially prejudice adjudicative proceedings in violation of the Rules of Professional
Conduct. The panel also concluded the respondent engaged in outside employment while
serving as a full-time prosecutor in violation of W.Va. Code § 7-7-4(c) (1996). However,
after making these conclusions, the panel chose to discipline the respondent with remedies
and sanctions which were not available to the panel under the statute, suspension and
repayment of funds. W.Va. Code § 6-6-7 (1985) controls this proceeding and states in
pertinent part:
(a) Any person holding any county, school district or
municipal office, . . . the term or tenure of which office is fixed by law,
whether the office be elective or appointive, except judges of the circuit
courts, may be removed from such office in the manner provided in this
section for official misconduct, malfeasance in office, incompetence,
neglect of duty or gross immorality or for any of the causes or on any
of the grounds provided by any other statute.
(c) The charges shall be reduced to writing in the form of a
petition duly verified by at least one of the persons bringing the same,
and shall be entered of record by the court, or the judge thereof in
vacation, and a summons shall thereupon be issued by the clerk of such
court, together with a copy of the petition, requiring the officer or
person named therein to appear before the court, at the courthouse of
the county where such officer resides, and answer the charges on a day
to be named therein[.]
The court, or judge thereof in vacation, or in the case of any
multi-judge circuit, the chief judge thereof, shall without delay forward
a copy of the petition to the supreme court of appeals and shall ask for
the impaneling or convening of a three-judge court consisting of three circuit judges of the state. The chief justice of the supreme court of
appeals shall without delay designate and appoint three circuit judges
within the state, . . . and, in the order of such appointment, shall
designate the date, time and place for the convening of such three-judge
court[.]
Such three-judge court shall, without a jury, hear the charges
and all evidence offered in support thereof or in opposition thereto and
upon satisfactory proof of the charges shall remove any such officer or
person from office and place the records, papers and property of his
office in the possession of some other officer or person for safekeeping
or in the possession of the person appointed as hereinafter provided to
fill the office temporarily. Any final order either removing or refusing
to remove any such person from office shall contain such findings of
fact and conclusions of law as the three-judge court shall deem
sufficient to support its decision of all issues presented to it in the
matter. (Emphasis added).
It is well established that the word 'shall,' in the absence of language in the
statute showing a contrary intent on the part of the Legislature, should be afforded a
mandatory connotation. Syllabus Point 1, Nelson v. W.Va. Public Employees Ins. Bd., 171
W.Va. 445, 300 S.E.2d 86 (1982). W.Va. Code § 6-6-7 is mandatory and provides only for
removal from office. The sanctions chosen by the panel in lieu of removal do not comply
with the statute and the panel's decision is, therefore, inconsistent with the law. As a result,
we must now apply the law to the facts of this case. The standard of review regarding
questions of law is stated in syllabus point 1 of Chrystal R.M. v. Charlie A.L., 194 W.Va.
138, 459 S.E.2d 415 (1995), which states, Where the issue on an appeal from the circuit
court is clearly a question of law or involving an interpretation of a statute, we apply a de
novo standard of review.
This court has previously said, Section 7, Article 6, Chapter 6 Code, [1985],
expressly requires that to remove a person from office the charge against him must be
established by satisfactory proof. Syllabus Point 3, Smith v. Godby, 154 W.Va. 190, 174
S.E.2d 165 (1970). The satisfactory proof standard was later clarified in syllabus point 9 of
Evans v. Hutchinson, 158 W.Va. 359, 214 S.E.2d 453 (1975), and reiterated in syllabus point
3 of Matter of Boso, 160 W.Va. 38, 231 S.E.2d 715 (1977), which states, To warrant
removal of an official pursuant to Code, [1985], § 6-6-7, clear and convincing evidence must
be adduced to meet the statutory requirement of satisfactory proof. In other words, when
charges of official misconduct, malfeasance in office, incompetence, neglect of duty or gross
immorality are proved by clear and convincing evidence against a person holding a county
office, W.Va. Code § 6-6-7 (1985) mandates removal from office.
In the case at bar, the panel first concluded as a matter of law that there is no
clear and convincing evidence that the Respondent should be removed from the office of
Prosecuting Attorney of Logan County. The panel then analyzed the statute and determined
they would have little difficulty in granting a less drastic remedy than removal. Finally,
the panel detailed the violations. However, in so doing, they failed to provide us with any
analysis regarding whether the respondent's conduct amounts to official misconduct,
malfeasance in office, incompetence, neglect of duty or gross immorality[.] By side-
stepping this analysis, the panel concluded that some of the charges filed against the
respondent were established by clear and convincing proof but yet evaded the mandatory
consequence of so finding, that being removal from office. Succinctly stated, if the
respondent's conduct fits within the framework of W.Va. Code § 6-6-7, then the respondent
must be removed from office.
We realize it can be difficult to pigeonhole specific offenses into the broad categories provided in the statute. The definitions of misconduct in office and malfeasance often overlap and some jurisdictions include malfeasance in the definition of official misconduct. For example, in Mid-South Indoor Horse Rac. v. Tenn. State Rac., 798 S.W.2d 531, 538 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1990), the Court of Appeals of Tennessee states that [official misconduct] includes (1) doing an act unlawful in itself (malfeasance), (2) doing an otherwise lawful act in an unlawful manner (misfeasance), and (3) failing to perform an act required by law or the duties of the office (nonfeasance). (Citations omitted). This Court has previously distinguished between the two terms by giving them the following definitions. 'Misconduct in office is any unlawful behavior by a public officer in relation to the duties of his office, wilful in character.' Point 2, Syllabus, Kesling v. Moore and Cain, 102 W.Va. 251, 135 S.E. 246 [1926]. Syllabus Point 3, Daugherty v. Day, 145 W.Va. 592, 116 S.E.2d 131 (1960). Malfeasance in office has been defined as 'the doing of some act which is positively unlawful or wrongful or an act which the actor has no legal right to do, or as any wrongful conduct which affects, interrupts or interferes with the performance of official duty.' Daugherty v. Ellis, 142 W.Va. 340, 97 S.E.2d 33 (1956). Kemp v. Boyd, 166 W.Va. 471, 485, 275 S.E. 2d 297, 306-07 (1981).
The panel concluded that the respondent repeatedly made improper extra-
judicial statements, and that conclusion is supported by specific findings of fact. The panel
found the respondent made an improper remark in a public meeting on March 17, 1998, in
reference to other county officials, including Alvis Porter (Clerk of the Circuit Court),
against whom the respondent had caused a criminal complaint to be filed the previous day.
The respondent commented during the meeting, The reason they don't trust me is that they
can't control me and most criminals don't trust prosecutors. Prior to filing the criminal
complaint against Mr. Porter, the respondent informed the managing editor of the Logan
Banner newspaper that he was working on a possible indictment of Mr. Porter and the editor
should watch his facsimile machine when the charges were made. The facsimile message
containing the charges was indeed sent to the newspaper.
The panel found the respondent had informed the Logan Banner in October 1997 that a Special Tax Commissioner, an investigator from the State Tax Department, was probing the practices of the assessor's office because of the high number of tax exonerations. The panel also found that on June 23, 1998, immediately prior to the commencement of jury selection in a murder trial, the Logan Banner published an article which contained the following quotation: We have tried two men involved with these murders already. This will be a very similar trial with similar witnesses testifying. We anticipate a similar verdict. This quotation was attributed to the respondent. These findings were based on the testimony of the editor and a reporter for the newspaper.
After thoroughly reviewing the record, we believe the panel properly found by
clear and convincing evidence that the respondent used pre-hearing publicity to prejudice
adjudicative proceedings. This conduct constitutes malfeasance and official misconduct in
that it is wrongful conduct which violates the Rules of Professional Conduct and affects,
interrupts, and interferes with the performance of official duty. It is also unlawful willful
behavior by a public officer which relates to the duties of his office.See footnote 6
6
The fact that the respondent engaged in outside employment while serving as
a full-time prosecuting attorney constitutes misconduct. The respondent admitted he was
employed as attorney for the town of Man while he was also serving as full-time prosecutor
for Logan County. He thereby admitted he committed the act specifically prohibited by
W.Va. Code § 7-7-4(c). The panel's finding on this charge is obviously based on clear and
convincing evidence. This conduct is unlawful willful behavior by a public officer which
relates to the duties of his office.
After finding these charges were established by satisfactory proof, the panel
had only one option available to them, removal from office. However, the panel chose
instead to recommend suspension from the practice of law and to order repayment of funds,
both remedies which were not available to them. In applying West Virginia law to the facts
of this case, we find the panel erred in making this final decision.
In order to comply with the mandate of removal provided in W.Va. Code § 6-
6-7 (1985), we hereby reverse the decision of the three-judge panel and order that
Respondent Sims immediately be removed from the office of prosecuting attorney for Logan
County. W.Va. Code § 6-6-7(d) (1985) further provides that when a final decision regarding
removal is made by this Court, the vacancy shall be filled in the manner provided by law
for such office. In this case, W.Va. Code § 3-10-8 (1991) controls.See footnote 7
7
Reversed.
The chief justice of the supreme court of appeals shall without delay designate and appoint three circuit judges within the state, not more than one of whom shall be from the same circuit in which the petition is filed and, in the order of such appointment, shall designate the date, time and place for the convening of such three-judge court, which date and time shall not be less than twenty days from the date of the filing of the petition.
(a) A lawyer shall not make an extrajudicial statement that a reasonable person would expect to be disseminated by means of public communication if the lawyer knows or reasonably should know that it will have a substantial likelihood of materially prejudicing an adjudicative proceeding.
The prosecutor in a criminal case shall:
(e) exercise reasonable care to prevent investigators, law enforcement personnel, employees or other persons assisting or associated with the prosecutor in a criminal case from making an extrajudicial statement that the prosecutor would be prohibited from making under Rule 3.6.
Any vacancy occurring in the office of prosecuting attorney, sheriff, assessor or county surveyor shall be filled by the county commission by appointment of a person of the same political party as the officeholder vacating the office, and the appointed person shall hold the office until the next general election is certified, or until the completion of the term if the term ends on the thirty-first day of December following the next general election. Such vacancy shall be filled by election for the unexpired term if the unexpired term is greater than one year.